1 Introduction – basic concepts
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Objectives and limitations
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Theme
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Materials used liners and drainage layers
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Example applications
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Cover systems
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Barriers systems
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Transport mechanisms for liquids and gases
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Temperature
2 Drainage layers and Leachate Collection Systems
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Geosynthetic drainage layers
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Long term performance of leachate collection systems
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How to use (and NOT use) geotextiles in LCS systems
3 Geosynthetic Clay liners (GCLs)
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Factors affecting long-term performance
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Effect of method of GCL manufacture
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Hydration and Hydraulic conductivity of GCLs
o
Effect of stress
o
Cation exchange
o
Compatibility – hydraulic conductivity
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o Internal erosion
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Overlaps
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Diffusion through GCLs (aqueous)
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Gas migration through GCLs
4 HDPE Geomembranes (GMBs)
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Material characteristics
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Processes affecting short-term performance- leakage
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Long-term performance
o
Factors affecting long term performance
o
Conventional immersion tests – MSW [OIT]
o
Effect of GMB thickness [OIT]
o
Service life for GMB in MSW
o
Service life of secondary GMB in MSW
o
Effect of temperature history on SL for MSW
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Diffusion through GMBs
5 Composite liners performance and issues
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Diffusion through composite liners
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Protection of composite liners
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High stresses – heap leach pads
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GM wrinkling/waves
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Temperature effects on CCLs and GCLs in composite liners (shrinkage and desiccation)
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Leakage through composite liners
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Effect of composite liner
behaviour
on GM service life
6 Contaminant transport predictions/modelling
7 Equivalency of GCLs and CCLs
8 Stability
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General Stability considerations
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Some properties
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Liner stability
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Veneer/cover stability
9 Construction Issues
10 Conclusions